Balat e Fener

Balão

Located between Fener and Ayvansaray, Balat is part of the historic district on the European side of Istanbul, on the western shore of the Golden Horn. It once served as the hub of Istanbul's Jewish community.

O Palácio de Blachernae é pensado para ser a inspiração para o nome Balat, que vem da palavra grega palation (palácio), através da palavra latina palatium.

The back streets of Balat, like those of neighboring Fener, are lined with small stone terraced houses on two or three levels, as well as a few grander mansions. Many of the homes in Balat have been converted into hotels, restaurants, and cafes, making it one of the city's most popular tourist destinations in the 2010s and beyond. A lot of the houses have been painted bright colors to give the area its own identity.

Balat está na linha de tram, que viaja para Cibali e o terminal de ônibus Alibeyköy (que serve rotas para a Anatólia). Para chegar de Balat para os outros bairros ao redor do Corno de Ouro como Üsküdar, Karaköy, Kasimpasa, Fener, Ayvansaray, Hasköy, Sütlüce e Eyüp, você pode pegar um ferry.

Balat's History

No final do século XV, depois que a Inquisição se espalhou por toda a Espanha e África e o Decreto Alhambra de 1492 proibiu todos os judeus de viverem na Espanha, um grande número de judeus procurou refúgio em Balat.

[3] Balat once had 18 synagogues, but today only the Ahrida Synagogue and the Yanbol Synagogue are in use. Or-Ahayim Hospital, which was opened in 1899 and designed by Gabriel Tedesci, was originally established to serve the Jewish population of Balat, but now serves the general public.

Anteriormente uma igreja cristã, a Mesquita de Fethiye agora leva o nome de Pammakaristos.

People of many different races, cultures, and faiths made their homes in Balat. There has always been a sizable Armenian population in the area, and it is also home to the world-famous Bulgarian Iron Church. There was a sizable Greek Orthodox (Rûm) community because of its proximity to St. George's Church and the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in neighboring Fener. As a result of 20th-century events like the Armenian genocide, the Greek genocide, anti-Greek riots, and expulsions, the population of Balat is now overwhelmingly Muslim.

A partir do século XVII, viajantes europeus escreveram sobre Balat como um lugar particularmente pobre e pouco higiênico.No entanto, Marie-Christine Bornes-Varol argumentou que essas contas podem não ter sido representativas de Balat como um todo, dado que elas foram baseadas em visitas a Karabas, a parte mais pobre de Balat.

Eles alegaram que estavam se defendendo de maus-tratos pela unidade local de Janissary quando os judeus de Balat atacaram suas patrulhas em 1810.

Balat was included on the UNESCO World Heritage List as one of Istanbul's Historic Areas back in 1985, and it has since been the site of many contentious revitalization and restoration efforts dating back to the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Atrações de Balat

Construída inteiramente de ferro pré-fabricado, enviada pelo Danúbio de Viena e depois reassemblada em Balat, a Igreja de São Estevão dos Búlgaros (também conhecida como A Igreja de Ferro) fica na margem do Corno de Ouro, onde Fener corre para o vizinho Balat.

The Ahrida Synagogue, built in the 15th century to serve the Jewish community of Ochrid, is notable for housing a stunning wooden bema (pulpit) and being the site where the heretic Sabbetai Tsvi first publicly proclaimed his heretical beliefs in 1666. The Yanbol Synagogue, which dates back to the 15th century and was constructed for a group of Bulgarian Jews, is known for its stunning painted ceiling.

À direita das escadas que compõem Merdivenli Mektep Sokak é a casa do historiador Dimitri Cantemir (1673-1723).Enquanto estava sendo restaurado, foi absorvido nos terrenos de um café.

Usually only accessible on St. George's Day, the Church of Hagios Georgios Metochi can be found within a large compound just off Vodina Caddesi. A chapel for one of Wallachia's governors may have stood on the site originally, but by the 17th century, it had been transformed into a metochion with ties to Jerusalem's Church of the Holy Sepulchre. In the early 20th century, a scholar unearthed the so-called Archimedes Palimpsest, which consisted of seven books written by the Greek mathematician Archimedes that had been recycled to create a prayer book in the Middle Ages. There are only three that haven't been found in any other copies.

The 16th-century Surp Hresdagabed (Church of the Archangels) Armenian Church was rebuilt in the 18th century on top of the original ayazma (sacred spring) it was constructed over. The city's garbage collectors have moved into the former school building from the 19th century. Tim Kelsey, a travel writer, wrote about a once-annual event in which Muslims and Christians came together to sacrifice sheep and cockerels in the hopes that the animal's blood would heal a disabled member of the community.

A Mesquita de Ferruh Kethüda (1562), uma obra menor de Mimar Sinan, apresenta telhas Tekfur Sarayi ao redor do mihrab.

Balat is now cut off from the Golden Horn because of the collapsed Sea Walls of Constantinople. A plaque on the seaward side of the walls commemorates the spot where Sultan Mehmet II's troops broke through them on April 23, 1453, during the battle that led to the Conquest of Istanbul.

In addition to the Church of Hagios Ioannis Prodromos (St. John the Baptist), which has strong ties to the St. Catherine's Monastery in the Sinai Desert in Egypt, there are a few other rarely visited Greek Orthodox churches in Balat.

FENER

Istanbul, Turkey; Golden Horn, Fatih neighborhood. Because a column topped with a lantern stood here in the Byzantine period and was used as a street light or lighthouse, the area was given the name "phanarion," which is a Turkish transliteration of the word "phanarion" (Medieval Greek: v), meaning lantern, streetlight, or lamppost.

Fener was a predominantly Greek neighborhood during the Ottoman period, and its streets are lined with historic buildings from the Byzantine and Ottoman eras. One of the grand mansions that once stored wood brought in from the Black Sea (Pontos) area is now home to the Istanbul Women's Library. From the 1930s onward, street-widening projects harmed their picturesque facades.

Fener, na margem sul do Corno de Ouro, está localizado entre Cibali e Balat. Por trás dele há algumas colinas muito íngremes que levam até o distrito de Fatih.

Fener is connected to Cibali and the small bus terminal (for buses to Anatolia) at Alibeyköy via the T5 tram line. Fener is connected to the neighborhoods of Üsküdar, Karaköy, Kasimpasa, Balat, Ayvansaray, Hasköy, Sütlüce, and Eyüp via the Golden Horn ferry.

Fener História

As a result of the 1453 destruction of Constantinople, many of the city's Greeks relocated to the Fener neighborhood. In addition, the seat of the Patriarchate of Constantinople was relocated here and now operates from its new location. So, like "Vatican" is sometimes used to refer to the Holy See of the Roman Catholic Church, "Phanar" can be used to refer to the Ecumenical Patriarchate as a shorthand reference.

In Fener, the Greeks were known as Phanariotes during the Ottoman era, and many of them held high positions in Sultan's court. In the Balkans and Greece, wealthy Phanariotes often held positions as dragomans (translators) or as governors of provinces. Between 1711 and 1821, several people held the position of hospodar of Wallachia and Moldavia.

Atrações Fener

The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople is one of fifteen to seventeen autonomous jurisdictions within the Eastern Orthodox Church. Its seat is in Fener, within the walled compound that encloses the Patriarchal Church of St. George. Batholomew I is the current Patriarch. In 1602, the patriarchate relocated here, but in 1720, a fire destroyed the basilican church that had stood there since its inception. Another fire in 1941 further damaged the older buildings in the compound, so today most of what a visitor sees is relatively new. The only original structures are the church and the brick-and-stone library at the end of the garden. Since 1821, when Greece rebelled against Ottoman suzerainty, the compound's Middle Gate (Orta Kapi) has been locked because it was there that the then-Patriarch was hanged. Thousands of people, some of whom have traveled from Athens, have come to celebrate Greek Orthodox Easter in this city.

Aside from the Patriarchate, the most interesting church in Constantinople is the Church of St. Mary of the Mongols (Panagia Muhliotissa, Theotokos Panagiotussa), located inland and uphill. It is said that the architect Atik Sinan (not to be confused with the more famous Mimar Sinan) convinced Sultan Mehmet II to let it keep serving the Greek community, and a copy of the ferman (edict) still hangs in the church today.

Located close to the Mongols' St. Mary's Church, this colossal red-brick University of the Phanar Greek Orthodox Church Historian Dimitri Cantemir studied at this institution in the 17th century. There are now only a few pupils left. The Marasli Greek Orthodox Primary School, the second Greek school in Fener, is another grand structure that is currently empty of its intended occupants.

As Muralhas do Mar, que uma vez separaram Constantinopla do Corno de Ouro, ainda formam uma periferia quebrada ao longo do Fener. Acredita-se que Mimar Sinan, em 1562, projetou a porta de Ayakapi nas paredes.

As ruas traseiras em Fener são alinhadas com casas de terraço de diferentes alturas, muitas das quais têm cumbas ( janelas da baía), e algumas selecionadas que são muito mais grandiosas.

Águas da bênção

The Orthodox Church celebrates the Feast of the Epiphany on January 6 with a ceremony known as the Blessing of the Waters, during which a priest throws a cross into the water and swimmers compete to be the first to bring it back to shore. In Istanbul, the Patriarch performs the ceremony by throwing a cross into the Golden Horn, where swimmers then retrieve it.

Frequently Asked Questions About Ahrida Synagogue

QO que são Balat e Fener?

ABalat e Fener são dois bairros históricos localizados em Istambul, Turquia.

QQual é a história de Balat e Fener?

ABalat e Fener foram antigamente importantes centros dos impérios bizantino e otomano, respectivamente.Eles têm uma rica história e patrimônio cultural, e eles têm alojado muitas instituições religiosas e culturais significativas.

QQual é o significado de Balat e Fener?

ABalat e Fener são significativos por sua rica história e património cultural, bem como por sua arquitetura e pontos de referência religiosos.

QO que os visitantes podem esperar em Balat e Fener?

AOs visitantes de Balat e Fener podem esperar ver uma mistura de arquitetura histórica e moderna, bem como inúmeros pontos de referência religiosos e culturais, como sinagogas, igrejas e mesquitas.

Q: É seguro visitar Balat e Fener?

A: Sim, Balat e Fener são geralmente considerados seguros para visitar.No entanto, como em qualquer área urbana, recomenda-se tomar precauções de segurança padrão e estar ciente de seu entorno.

QExistem excursões guiadas disponíveis em Balat e Fener?

A: Sim, os passeios guiados por Balat e Fener estão disponíveis para os visitantes. Recomendamos que você entre em contato com uma empresa de viagens local ou agência de viagens para organizar um passeio.

QComo chegar a Balat e Fener do centro de Istambul?

A: Balat e Fener podem ser alcançados de ferry do centro de Istambul. Também é possível chegar a estes bairros de ônibus, táxi ou a pé.

Q em: Existem restaurantes ou cafés em Balat e Fener?

ASim, existem vários restaurantes e cafés em Balat e Fener, servindo cozinha local e internacional.

Q: Existe transporte público disponível em Balat e Fener?

A: Yes, there is public transportation in Balat and Fener. Buses and ferries are some of the options.

Q: Existem opções de alojamento em Balat e Fener?

A: Sim, Balat e Fener têm uma variedade de lugares para ficar, como hotéis, pousadas e apartamentos.

Você pode reservar um passeio pela cidade de Istambul com nossos guias de viagem licenciados.

Mapa de Balat e Fener